When Theodore Roosevelt first came to the North Dakota Badlands in 1883 to hunt bison, he discovered more than wildlife—he found “perfect freedom” and a rugged lifestyle that would shape his future. What began as a hunting trip turned into a lifelong bond with the Badlands, where he invested in the Maltese Cross Ranch. After losing his wife and mother in 1884, Roosevelt returned to the Dakota Territory to heal and built his beloved Elkhorn Ranch.

For years, he ranched, served as a deputy sheriff, and lived adventures that became frontier legends—like chasing boat thieves across 300 miles of icy terrain. Though his ranching days ended, Roosevelt’s time in North Dakota fueled his passion for conservation and the American West.

At the time he became the 26th President, Roosevelt credited the Badlands as “where the romance of my life began.” His experiences here inspired landmark conservation efforts, including the creation of national forests and wildlife sanctuaries. By the time of his death, Roosevelt had become a legend that lives on in North Dakota.

You can also follow in Theodore Roosevelt's footsteps and visit the legendary destinations he visited, helped establish, create, or preserve during his time in North Dakota:

• In 1907, Roosevelt deeded federal land to create North Dakota's first state park, Fort Abraham Lincoln, now a premier site for history and recreation on the Missouri River.
• Roosevelt established the state's early wildlife foundations by preserving White Horse Hill National Game Preserve, Stump Lake Park, and Chase Lake National Wildlife Refuge, protecting everything from bison to rare pelican colonies.
• Although Theodore Roosevelt National Park was designated in 1947, its protection is rooted in Roosevelt’s 1880s ranching years and his lifelong conservation philosophy.
• Roosevelt famously credited his North Dakota experiences for his presidency during a speech at Fargo’s Island Park, a legacy that continues to draw visitors today.
• Visitors can tour the original, restored Maltese Cross Cabin located directly behind the Theodore Roosevelt National Park South Unit Visitor Center.
• Stay at the historic Rough Riders Hotel or the Ferris Inn in Medora; and remember to check out the Roosevelt-themed Roosevelt Inn & Suites in Watford City, featuring a massive 20-foot-tall bust of the president.
• Dine at the Peacock Alley in Bismarck, located in the former lobby of the Patterson Hotel where Roosevelt once stayed. This restaurant creates delicious mid to fine dining and was accredited as the National Beef Innovator of the Year. 

Today, Theodore Roosevelt National Park stands as a tribute to the man whose love for these rugged lands helped shape America’s environmental legacy.

"I never would have been President if it had not been for my experience in North Dakota." - Theodore Roosevelt

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